![]() There was thick darkness (or darkness of gloom) in all the land or Egypt. I have sent forth my hand and smitten you and your people with pestilence. The children of princes are dashed against the walls.Īt midnight the Lord smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt from the firstborn of Pharaoh … to the firstborn of the captive who was in prison. Men are few, and he who places his brother in the land is everywhere. The hand of the Lord is … on the cattle, which is in the field. The cattle moan because of the state of the land. 9:23)Īnd the flax and the barley were smitten. ![]() Gates, columns and walls are consumed by fire.Īnd fire came down to earth. The Egyptians dug around the river for water to drink. (The biblical plagues befell the Egyptians at the time of Moses and the Exodus, which has been dated sometime between 1570 to 1290 B.C.E.) IPUWERĪll the waters of the river were turned to blood. Below are some of the amazingly similar plagues described in both the Ipuwer papyrus and the Bible. scribes copied it in the 19 th Dynasty, in the 1200’s B.C.E. An Egyptian named Ipuwer wrote it at the end of the Middle Kingdom, around 1650 B.C.E. It is now in the Leiden Museum in Holland. In the early 1800’s, a papyrus was found in Egypt called The Admonitions of an Egyptian. How could plagues described in an Egyptian papyrus be so similar to those found in the Bible? Read and wonder…Įxhibit 1: The Ipuwer Papyrus. Presented for your consideration are Exhibits 1–4. Nevertheless, ongoing archeological and etymological investigations into the Exodus have produced some tantalizing items and scholarship. It seems that every time a theory is proposed and the Exodus mystery appears to be solved, it is quickly shot down for one reason or another. During this Passover season it is particularly pertinent to wonder, did the Exodus really happen?Ĭlues and speculations abound regarding alleged items of evidence discovered for the Exodus, and nearly all have their champions and detractors. Passover is the Jewish festival that celebrates the flight of the Israelites out of Egypt. Was the story of the Israelites fleeing Egypt after years of slavery history or myth? Were there really 10 plagues that became so progressively terrible that they forced the Pharaoh to finally release all the Israelite slaves? Was there really a leader named Moses, and did he guide this “mixed multitude” for 40 years in the wilderness of the Sinai desert? These questions have puzzled biblical scholars, archeologists, and all those interested in solving one of the Old Testament’s most intriguing mysteries.
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